Originally conceived as a regional security forum, the SCO is now rapidly transforming into a geopolitical and economic bloc with ambitions far beyond Central Asia.
The presence and active engagement of China, Russia, and India - three nations that collectively account for over a third of the world’s GDP (in purchasing power parity terms) and more than 3.5 billion people - signal a coordinated challenge to the prevailing Western-led international order.
These powers, bound by mutual distrust of Western economic coercion and frustrated by what they see as the moral hypocrisy of Western diplomacy, are consolidating around a new vision of global multipolarity.
For Malaysia, this evolving landscape presents both opportunities and significant challenges. Situated at the crossroads of global trade routes and diplomatic currents, Malaysia cannot afford to adopt a simplistic binary posture between East and West...